〜が (ga) - (subject marker)
--- Examples ---
バスが来るよ。
The bus * is coming!
台所にテレビがあります 。
There is a television * in the kitchen.
ここだと２万円前後のテレビが買える。[koko da to 2 man en
zengo no terebigakaeru.
If it's here then you can buy a television for 20,000 yen - more or less.
この店ではほかでは売っていない特別仕様のＣＧ機能を持つＰＣを買うことができる。
At this shop, you can buy PCs with special CG functionality that is not
offered by others.
nihongo ga dekimasu.
日本語ができます 「にほんごができます。」
(I) can speak ＊ japanese
雨が降っています。(あめがふっています)
Rain is falling. (or it's raining)
--- Comments ---
Need to put together something on when to choose to use が (subject)
instead of は (topic) (contributor: Amatuka)
Note that が (or の) replaces を in sub-sentences.
(See 'television' example, would be テレビを買う (terebi wo kau) if
it was a sentence on it's own. (contributor: Amatuka)
が follows a noun or a noun phrase.
(e.g. 犬が 'the dog' / 'dog(s)'
知るのが 'what (I) know (is)'
The latter case の nominalizes (turns into a noun) 知る)
N = noun (contributor: Amatuka)
In #880, テレビが買うことができる is not acceptable.
(contributor: bamboo4)
However, would TV-wo kau-koto-ga dekiru be acceptable? In the case of -ga,
it marks the object when a verb is in the potential mood, as if the verb
was passive... (contributor: Zhen Lin)
テレビを買うことができる is acceptable. (contributor: bamboo4)
The book Making Sense of Japanese: What the Textbooks Don't Tell You by Jay
Rubin offers an excellent section explaining the difference between が and
は. (contributor: anonymous)
Could you explain what you leant from the book the difference between が
and は? (contributor: dakara?)
You can read Tae Kim's online guide to japanese and get a very reasonable
explanation. First of all he rejects the use of the term subject, simply
because it is laden with all the wrong connotations from english. Primarily
because subject in japanese is not the same as subject in english (and most
roman and germanic languages, probably). He calls it the identifier, a
particle used to identfy one among many, where as ha is used to say
something detailed about something, by some called the focus particle.
(contributor: Svendsen)
@Amatuka テレビが買うことができる is wrong
@bamboo4 Yes, テレビを買うことができる is correct
Amatuka is most likely confusing を with が in clauses: if you want to
say 背が高い友達, you can also say 背の高い友達. There is no
difference at all (even in connotation) between の and が as far as every
single Japanese person I've ever asked about this is concerned, when
dealing with this type of clause. (contributor: KyleGoetz)
Can anybody tell me difference between は and が. As both are topic
markers, i dont understand when to use which (contributor: devricha)
Can anybody tell me difference between は and が. As both are topic
markers, i dont understand when to use which (contributor: devricha)
if i'm understand right, a good comparison would be
私は学生です．I am a student. Because here ha focuses on me in
particular. it's a narrower description.
学生がいます．There is a student. because this has a broader sense,
there are many students but here is one.
feel free to correct me but that is what i've come to understand. and
thanks to svendsen because i got most of it from his comment. (contributor:
nellyaudrey)
'ha' is used when introducing/describing something
while 'ga' is used when you want to be specific and direct the focus of
attention to the noun preceding 'ga'
more or less the difference lies on the weight of 'emphasis' ~ tada hitori
no iken desukedo ^w^ (contributor: takamichi)
This article isn't as near as big as it should. I quite personally think
the two entries of ga need to be combined and expanded to show ga's other
usages. I have an article about the differences between wa and ga on my
website www.freewebs.com/kanjiwebs/ because there is no way that only a few
examples could distinguish wa and ga for beginners. There's just no way,
not even for Japanese people. (contributor: IMABI)
--- View this entry online ---
http://www.jgram.org/pages/viewOne.php?tagE=ga
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